//! Primitives for working with TCP
//!
//! The types provided in this module are non-blocking by default and are
//! designed to be portable across all supported Mio platforms. As long as the
//! [portability guidelines] are followed, the behavior should be identical no
//! matter the target platform.
//!
/// [portability guidelines]: ../struct.Poll.html#portability


use std::io::{Read, Write};
use std::net::{self, SocketAddr, SocketAddrV4, SocketAddrV6, Ipv4Addr, Ipv6Addr};

use net2::TcpBuilder;
use iovec::IoVec;

use {io, sys, Ready, Poll, PollOpt, Token};
use event::Evented;
use poll::SelectorId;

/*
 *
 * ===== TcpStream =====
 *
 */

/// A non-blocking TCP stream between a local socket and a remote socket.
///
/// The socket will be closed when the value is dropped.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use std::net::TcpListener;
/// # let _listener = TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:3454").unwrap();
/// use mio::{Events, Ready, Poll, PollOpt, Token};
/// use mio::tcp::TcpStream;
/// use std::time::Duration;
///
/// let stream = TcpStream::connect(&"127.0.0.1:34254".parse().unwrap()).unwrap();
///
/// let poll = Poll::new().unwrap();
/// let mut events = Events::with_capacity(128);
///
/// // Register the socket with `Poll`
/// poll.register(&stream, Token(0), Ready::writable(),
///               PollOpt::edge()).unwrap();
///
/// poll.poll(&mut events, Some(Duration::from_millis(100))).unwrap();
///
/// // The socket might be ready at this point
/// ```
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct TcpStream {
    sys: sys::TcpStream,
    selector_id: SelectorId,
}

use std::net::Shutdown;

impl TcpStream {
    /// Create a new TCP stream and issue a non-blocking connect to the
    /// specified address.
    ///
    /// This convenience method is available and uses the system's default
    /// options when creating a socket which is then connected. If fine-grained
    /// control over the creation of the socket is desired, you can use
    /// `net2::TcpBuilder` to configure a socket and then pass its socket to
    /// `TcpStream::connect_stream` to transfer ownership into mio and schedule
    /// the connect operation.
    pub fn connect(addr: &SocketAddr) -> io::Result<TcpStream> {
        let sock = try!(match *addr {
            SocketAddr::V4(..) => TcpBuilder::new_v4(),
            SocketAddr::V6(..) => TcpBuilder::new_v6(),
        });
        // Required on Windows for a future `connect_overlapped` operation to be
        // executed successfully.
        if cfg!(windows) {
            try!(sock.bind(&inaddr_any(addr)));
        }
        TcpStream::connect_stream(try!(sock.to_tcp_stream()), addr)
    }

    /// Creates a new `TcpStream` from the pending socket inside the given
    /// `std::net::TcpBuilder`, connecting it to the address specified.
    ///
    /// This constructor allows configuring the socket before it's actually
    /// connected, and this function will transfer ownership to the returned
    /// `TcpStream` if successful. An unconnected `TcpStream` can be created
    /// with the `net2::TcpBuilder` type (and also configured via that route).
    ///
    /// The platform specific behavior of this function looks like:
    ///
    /// * On Unix, the socket is placed into nonblocking mode and then a
    ///   `connect` call is issued.
    ///
    /// * On Windows, the address is stored internally and the connect operation
    ///   is issued when the returned `TcpStream` is registered with an event
    ///   loop. Note that on Windows you must `bind` a socket before it can be
    ///   connected, so if a custom `TcpBuilder` is used it should be bound
    ///   (perhaps to `INADDR_ANY`) before this method is called.
    pub fn connect_stream(stream: net::TcpStream,
                          addr: &SocketAddr) -> io::Result<TcpStream> {
        Ok(TcpStream {
            sys: try!(sys::TcpStream::connect(stream, addr)),
            selector_id: SelectorId::new(),
        })
    }

    /// Creates a new `TcpStream` from a standard `net::TcpStream`.
    ///
    /// This function is intended to be used to wrap a TCP stream from the
    /// standard library in the mio equivalent. The conversion here will
    /// automatically set `stream` to nonblocking and the returned object should
    /// be ready to get associated with an event loop.
    ///
    /// Note that the TCP stream here will not have `connect` called on it, so
    /// it should already be connected via some other means (be it manually, the
    /// net2 crate, or the standard library).
    pub fn from_stream(stream: net::TcpStream) -> io::Result<TcpStream> {
        try!(stream.set_nonblocking(true));
        Ok(TcpStream {
            sys: sys::TcpStream::from_stream(stream),
            selector_id: SelectorId::new(),
        })
    }

    /// Returns the socket address of the remote peer of this TCP connection.
    pub fn peer_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
        self.sys.peer_addr()
    }

    /// Returns the socket address of the local half of this TCP connection.
    pub fn local_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
        self.sys.local_addr()
    }

    /// Creates a new independently owned handle to the underlying socket.
    ///
    /// The returned `TcpStream` is a reference to the same stream that this
    /// object references. Both handles will read and write the same stream of
    /// data, and options set on one stream will be propagated to the other
    /// stream.
    pub fn try_clone(&self) -> io::Result<TcpStream> {
        self.sys.try_clone().map(|s| {
            TcpStream {
                sys: s,
                selector_id: self.selector_id.clone(),
            }
        })
    }

    /// Shuts down the read, write, or both halves of this connection.
    ///
    /// This function will cause all pending and future I/O on the specified
    /// portions to return immediately with an appropriate value (see the
    /// documentation of `Shutdown`).
    pub fn shutdown(&self, how: Shutdown) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.sys.shutdown(how)
    }

    /// Sets the value of the `TCP_NODELAY` option on this socket.
    ///
    /// If set, this option disables the Nagle algorithm. This means that
    /// segments are always sent as soon as possible, even if there is only a
    /// small amount of data. When not set, data is buffered until there is a
    /// sufficient amount to send out, thereby avoiding the frequent sending of
    /// small packets.
    pub fn set_nodelay(&self, nodelay: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.sys.set_nodelay(nodelay)
    }

    /// Gets the value of the `TCP_NODELAY` option on this socket.
    ///
    /// For more information about this option, see [`set_nodelay`][link].
    ///
    /// [link]: #method.set_nodelay
    pub fn nodelay(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
        self.sys.nodelay()
    }

    /// Sets whether keepalive messages are enabled to be sent on this socket.
    ///
    /// On Unix, this option will set the `SO_KEEPALIVE` as well as the
    /// `TCP_KEEPALIVE` or `TCP_KEEPIDLE` option (depending on your platform).
    /// On Windows, this will set the `SIO_KEEPALIVE_VALS` option.
    ///
    /// If `None` is specified then keepalive messages are disabled, otherwise
    /// the number of milliseconds specified will be the time to remain idle
    /// before sending a TCP keepalive probe.
    ///
    /// Some platforms specify this value in seconds, so sub-second millisecond
    /// specifications may be omitted.
    pub fn set_keepalive_ms(&self, keepalive: Option<u32>) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.sys.set_keepalive_ms(keepalive)
    }

    /// Returns whether keepalive messages are enabled on this socket, and if so
    /// the amount of milliseconds between them.
    ///
    /// For more information about this option, see [`set_keepalive_ms`][link].
    ///
    /// [link]: #method.set_keepalive_ms
    pub fn keepalive_ms(&self) -> io::Result<Option<u32>> {
        self.sys.keepalive_ms()
    }

    /// Sets the value for the `IP_TTL` option on this socket.
    ///
    /// This value sets the time-to-live field that is used in every packet sent
    /// from this socket.
    pub fn set_ttl(&self, ttl: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.sys.set_ttl(ttl)
    }

    /// Gets the value of the `IP_TTL` option for this socket.
    ///
    /// For more information about this option, see [`set_ttl`][link].
    ///
    /// [link]: #method.set_ttl
    pub fn ttl(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
        self.sys.ttl()
    }

    /// Get the value of the `SO_ERROR` option on this socket.
    ///
    /// This will retrieve the stored error in the underlying socket, clearing
    /// the field in the process. This can be useful for checking errors between
    /// calls.
    pub fn take_error(&self) -> io::Result<Option<io::Error>> {
        self.sys.take_error()
    }

    /// Read in a list of buffers all at once.
    ///
    /// This operation will attempt to read bytes from this socket and place
    /// them into the list of buffers provided. Note that each buffer is an
    /// `IoVec` which can be created from a byte slice.
    ///
    /// The buffers provided will be filled in sequentially. A buffer will be
    /// entirely filled up before the next is written to.
    ///
    /// The number of bytes read is returned, if successful, or an error is
    /// returned otherwise. If no bytes are available to be read yet then
    /// a "would block" error is returned. This operation does not block.
    ///
    /// On Unix this corresponds to the `readv` syscall.
    pub fn read_bufs(&self, bufs: &mut [&mut IoVec]) -> io::Result<usize> {
        self.sys.readv(bufs)
    }

    /// Write a list of buffers all at once.
    ///
    /// This operation will attempt to write a list of byte buffers to this
    /// socket. Note that each buffer is an `IoVec` which can be created from a
    /// byte slice.
    ///
    /// The buffers provided will be written sequentially. A buffer will be
    /// entirely written before the next is written.
    ///
    /// The number of bytes written is returned, if successful, or an error is
    /// returned otherwise. If the socket is not currently writable then a
    /// "would block" error is returned. This operation does not block.
    ///
    /// On Unix this corresponds to the `writev` syscall.
    pub fn write_bufs(&self, bufs: &[&IoVec]) -> io::Result<usize> {
        self.sys.writev(bufs)
    }
}

fn inaddr_any(other: &SocketAddr) -> SocketAddr {
    match *other {
        SocketAddr::V4(..) => {
            let any = Ipv4Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0);
            let addr = SocketAddrV4::new(any, 0);
            SocketAddr::V4(addr)
        }
        SocketAddr::V6(..) => {
            let any = Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
            let addr = SocketAddrV6::new(any, 0, 0, 0);
            SocketAddr::V6(addr)
        }
    }
}

impl Read for TcpStream {
    fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
        (&self.sys).read(buf)
    }
}

impl<'a> Read for &'a TcpStream {
    fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
        (&self.sys).read(buf)
    }
}

impl Write for TcpStream {
    fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
        (&self.sys).write(buf)
    }

    fn flush(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
        (&self.sys).flush()
    }
}

impl<'a> Write for &'a TcpStream {
    fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
        (&self.sys).write(buf)
    }

    fn flush(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
        (&self.sys).flush()
    }
}

impl Evented for TcpStream {
    fn register(&self, poll: &Poll, token: Token,
                interest: Ready, opts: PollOpt) -> io::Result<()> {
        try!(self.selector_id.associate_selector(poll));
        self.sys.register(poll, token, interest, opts)
    }

    fn reregister(&self, poll: &Poll, token: Token,
                  interest: Ready, opts: PollOpt) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.sys.reregister(poll, token, interest, opts)
    }

    fn deregister(&self, poll: &Poll) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.sys.deregister(poll)
    }
}

/*
 *
 * ===== TcpListener =====
 *
 */

/// A structure representing a socket server
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use mio::{Events, Ready, Poll, PollOpt, Token};
/// use mio::tcp::TcpListener;
/// use std::time::Duration;
///
/// let listener = TcpListener::bind(&"127.0.0.1:34254".parse().unwrap()).unwrap();
///
/// let poll = Poll::new().unwrap();
/// let mut events = Events::with_capacity(128);
///
/// // Register the socket with `Poll`
/// poll.register(&listener, Token(0), Ready::writable(),
///               PollOpt::edge()).unwrap();
///
/// poll.poll(&mut events, Some(Duration::from_millis(100))).unwrap();
///
/// // There may be a socket ready to be accepted
/// ```
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct TcpListener {
    sys: sys::TcpListener,
    selector_id: SelectorId,
}

impl TcpListener {
    /// Convenience method to bind a new TCP listener to the specified address
    /// to receive new connections.
    ///
    /// This function will take the following steps:
    ///
    /// 1. Create a new TCP socket.
    /// 2. Set the `SO_REUSEADDR` option on the socket.
    /// 3. Bind the socket to the specified address.
    /// 4. Call `listen` on the socket to prepare it to receive new connections.
    ///
    /// If fine-grained control over the binding and listening process for a
    /// socket is desired then the `net2::TcpBuilder` methods can be used in
    /// combination with the `TcpListener::from_listener` method to transfer
    /// ownership into mio.
    pub fn bind(addr: &SocketAddr) -> io::Result<TcpListener> {
        // Create the socket
        let sock = try!(match *addr {
            SocketAddr::V4(..) => TcpBuilder::new_v4(),
            SocketAddr::V6(..) => TcpBuilder::new_v6(),
        });

        // Set SO_REUSEADDR, but only on Unix (mirrors what libstd does)
        if cfg!(unix) {
            try!(sock.reuse_address(true));
        }

        // Bind the socket
        try!(sock.bind(addr));

        // listen
        let listener = try!(sock.listen(1024));
        Ok(TcpListener {
            sys: try!(sys::TcpListener::new(listener, addr)),
            selector_id: SelectorId::new(),
        })
    }

    /// Creates a new `TcpListener` from an instance of a
    /// `std::net::TcpListener` type.
    ///
    /// This function will set the `listener` provided into nonblocking mode on
    /// Unix, and otherwise the stream will just be wrapped up in an mio stream
    /// ready to accept new connections and become associated with an event
    /// loop.
    ///
    /// The address provided must be the address that the listener is bound to.
    pub fn from_listener(listener: net::TcpListener, addr: &SocketAddr)
                         -> io::Result<TcpListener> {
        sys::TcpListener::new(listener, addr).map(|s| {
            TcpListener {
                sys: s,
                selector_id: SelectorId::new(),
            }
        })
    }

    /// Accepts a new `TcpStream`.
    ///
    /// This may return an `Err(e)` where `e.kind()` is
    /// `io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock`. This means a stream may be ready at a later
    /// point and one should wait for a notification before calling `accept`
    /// again.
    ///
    /// If an accepted stream is returned, the remote address of the peer is
    /// returned along with it.
    pub fn accept(&self) -> io::Result<(TcpStream, SocketAddr)> {
        self.sys.accept().map(|(s, a)| {
            let stream = TcpStream {
                sys: s,
                selector_id: SelectorId::new(),
            };

            (stream, a)
        })
    }

    /// Returns the local socket address of this listener.
    pub fn local_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
        self.sys.local_addr()
    }

    /// Creates a new independently owned handle to the underlying socket.
    ///
    /// The returned `TcpListener` is a reference to the same socket that this
    /// object references. Both handles can be used to accept incoming
    /// connections and options set on one listener will affect the other.
    pub fn try_clone(&self) -> io::Result<TcpListener> {
        self.sys.try_clone().map(|s| {
            TcpListener {
                sys: s,
                selector_id: self.selector_id.clone(),
            }
        })
    }

    /// Sets the value for the `IP_TTL` option on this socket.
    ///
    /// This value sets the time-to-live field that is used in every packet sent
    /// from this socket.
    pub fn set_ttl(&self, ttl: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.sys.set_ttl(ttl)
    }

    /// Gets the value of the `IP_TTL` option for this socket.
    ///
    /// For more information about this option, see [`set_ttl`][link].
    ///
    /// [link]: #method.set_ttl
    pub fn ttl(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
        self.sys.ttl()
    }

    /// Sets the value for the `IPV6_V6ONLY` option on this socket.
    ///
    /// If this is set to `true` then the socket is restricted to sending and
    /// receiving IPv6 packets only. In this case two IPv4 and IPv6 applications
    /// can bind the same port at the same time.
    ///
    /// If this is set to `false` then the socket can be used to send and
    /// receive packets from an IPv4-mapped IPv6 address.
    pub fn set_only_v6(&self, only_v6: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.sys.set_only_v6(only_v6)
    }

    /// Gets the value of the `IPV6_V6ONLY` option for this socket.
    ///
    /// For more information about this option, see [`set_only_v6`][link].
    ///
    /// [link]: #method.set_only_v6
    pub fn only_v6(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
        self.sys.only_v6()
    }

    /// Get the value of the `SO_ERROR` option on this socket.
    ///
    /// This will retrieve the stored error in the underlying socket, clearing
    /// the field in the process. This can be useful for checking errors between
    /// calls.
    pub fn take_error(&self) -> io::Result<Option<io::Error>> {
        self.sys.take_error()
    }
}

impl Evented for TcpListener {
    fn register(&self, poll: &Poll, token: Token,
                interest: Ready, opts: PollOpt) -> io::Result<()> {
        try!(self.selector_id.associate_selector(poll));
        self.sys.register(poll, token, interest, opts)
    }

    fn reregister(&self, poll: &Poll, token: Token,
                  interest: Ready, opts: PollOpt) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.sys.reregister(poll, token, interest, opts)
    }

    fn deregister(&self, poll: &Poll) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.sys.deregister(poll)
    }
}

/*
 *
 * ===== UNIX ext =====
 *
 */

#[cfg(unix)]
use std::os::unix::io::{IntoRawFd, AsRawFd, FromRawFd, RawFd};

#[cfg(unix)]
impl IntoRawFd for TcpStream {
    fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd {
        self.sys.into_raw_fd()
    }
}

#[cfg(unix)]
impl AsRawFd for TcpStream {
    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd {
        self.sys.as_raw_fd()
    }
}

#[cfg(unix)]
impl FromRawFd for TcpStream {
    unsafe fn from_raw_fd(fd: RawFd) -> TcpStream {
        TcpStream {
            sys: FromRawFd::from_raw_fd(fd),
            selector_id: SelectorId::new(),
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(unix)]
impl IntoRawFd for TcpListener {
    fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd {
        self.sys.into_raw_fd()
    }
}

#[cfg(unix)]
impl AsRawFd for TcpListener {
    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd {
        self.sys.as_raw_fd()
    }
}

#[cfg(unix)]
impl FromRawFd for TcpListener {
    unsafe fn from_raw_fd(fd: RawFd) -> TcpListener {
        TcpListener {
            sys: FromRawFd::from_raw_fd(fd),
            selector_id: SelectorId::new(),
        }
    }
}
