transformers-0.5.2.0: Concrete functor and monad transformers

Copyright | (c) Michael Weber <michael.weber@post.rwth-aachen.de> 2001 (c) Jeff Newbern 2003-2006 (c) Andriy Palamarchuk 2006
License | BSD-style (see the file LICENSE)
Maintainer | R.Paterson@city.ac.uk
Stability | experimental
Portability | portable
Safe Haskell | Safe
Language | Haskell98

Control.Monad.Trans.Error

Contents

- The ErrorT monad transformer
- Error operations
- Lifting other operations
- Examples
- Orphan instances

Description

Deprecated: Use Control.Monad.Trans.Except instead

This monad transformer adds the ability to fail or throw exceptions to a monad.

A sequence of actions succeeds, producing a value, only if all the actions in the sequence are successful. If one fails with an error, the rest of the sequence is skipped and the composite action fails with that error.

If the value of the error is not required, the variant in Control.Monad.Trans.Maybe may be used instead.

Note: This module will be removed in a future release. Instead, use Control.Monad.Trans.Except, which does not restrict the exception type, and also includes a base exception monad.

Synopsis

- class Error a where
- class ErrorList a where
- newtype ErrorT e m a = ErrorT {
  - runErrorT :: m (Either e a)
  }
- mapErrorT :: (m (Either e a) -> n (Either e' b)) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e' n b
- throwError :: Monad m => e -> ErrorT e m a
- catchError :: Monad m => ErrorT e m a -> (e -> ErrorT e m a) -> ErrorT e m a
- liftCallCC :: CallCC m (Either e a) (Either e b) -> CallCC (ErrorT e m) a b
- liftListen :: Monad m => Listen w m (Either e a) -> Listen w (ErrorT e m) a
- liftPass :: Monad m => Pass w m (Either e a) -> Pass w (ErrorT e m) a

# The ErrorT monad transformer

class Error a where #

An exception to be thrown.

Minimal complete definition: `noMsg` or `strMsg`.

Methods

noMsg :: a #

Creates an exception without a message. The default implementation is ``strMsg` ""`.

strMsg :: String -> a #

Creates an exception with a message. The default implementation of ``strMsg` s` is `noMsg`.

Instances

Error IOException # |
Methods noMsg :: IOException # strMsg :: String -> IOException #
ErrorList a => Error [a] # | A string can be thrown as an error.
Methods noMsg :: [a] # strMsg :: String -> [a] #

class ErrorList a where #

Workaround so that we can have a Haskell 98 instance ``Error` `String``.

Minimal complete definition

listMsg

Methods

listMsg :: String -> [a] #

Instances

ErrorList Char # |
Methods listMsg :: String -> [Char] #

newtype ErrorT e m a #

The error monad transformer. It can be used to add error handling to other monads.

The `ErrorT` Monad structure is parameterized over two things:

- e - The error type.
- m - The inner monad.

The `return` function yields a successful computation, while `>>=` sequences two subcomputations, failing on the first error.

Constructors

ErrorT |

Fields

- runErrorT :: m (Either e a)

Instances

MonadTrans (ErrorT e) # |
Methods lift :: Monad m => m a -> ErrorT e m a #
(Monad m, Error e) => Monad (ErrorT e m) # |
Methods (>>=) :: ErrorT e m a -> (a -> ErrorT e m b) -> ErrorT e m b Source # (>>) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m b Source # return :: a -> ErrorT e m a Source # fail :: String -> ErrorT e m a Source #
Functor m => Functor (ErrorT e m) # |
Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b Source # (<$) :: a -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m a Source #
(MonadFix m, Error e) => MonadFix (ErrorT e m) # |
Methods mfix :: (a -> ErrorT e m a) -> ErrorT e m a Source #
(Monad m, Error e) => MonadFail (ErrorT e m) # |
Methods fail :: String -> ErrorT e m a Source #
(Functor m, Monad m) => Applicative (ErrorT e m) # |
Methods pure :: a -> ErrorT e m a Source # (<*>) :: ErrorT e m (a -> b) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b Source # liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m c Source # (*>) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m b Source # (<*) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m a Source #
Foldable f => Foldable (ErrorT e f) # |

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => ErrorT e f m -> m Source #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> ErrorT e f a -> m Source #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> ErrorT e f a -> b Source #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> ErrorT e f a -> b Source #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> ErrorT e f a -> b Source #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> ErrorT e f a -> b Source #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> ErrorT e f a -> a Source #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> ErrorT e f a -> a Source #

toList :: ErrorT e f a -> [a] Source #

null :: ErrorT e f a -> Bool Source #

length :: ErrorT e f a -> Int Source #

elem :: Eq a => a -> ErrorT e f a -> Bool Source #

maximum :: Ord a => ErrorT e f a -> a Source #

minimum :: Ord a => ErrorT e f a -> a Source #

sum :: Num a => ErrorT e f a -> a Source #

product :: Num a => ErrorT e f a -> a Source #

Traversable f => Traversable (ErrorT e f) # |
Methods traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> ErrorT e f a -> f (ErrorT e f b) Source # sequenceA :: Applicative f => ErrorT e f (f a) -> f (ErrorT e f a) Source # mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> ErrorT e f a -> m (ErrorT e f b) Source # sequence :: Monad m => ErrorT e f (m a) -> m (ErrorT e f a) Source #
(Eq e, Eq1 m) => Eq1 (ErrorT e m) # |
Methods liftEq :: (a -> b -> Bool) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b -> Bool Source #
(Ord e, Ord1 m) => Ord1 (ErrorT e m) # |
Methods liftCompare :: (a -> b -> Ordering) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b -> Ordering Source #
(Read e, Read1 m) => Read1 (ErrorT e m) # |
Methods liftReadsPrec :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> Int -> ReadS (ErrorT e m a) Source # liftReadList :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> ReadS [ErrorT e m a] Source # liftReadPrec :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec (ErrorT e m a) Source # liftReadListPrec :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec [ErrorT e m a] Source #
(Show e, Show1 m) => Show1 (ErrorT e m) # |
Methods liftShowsPrec :: (Int -> a -> ShowS) -> ([a] -> ShowS) -> Int -> ErrorT e m a -> ShowS Source # liftShowList :: (Int -> a -> ShowS) -> ([a] -> ShowS) -> [ErrorT e m a] -> ShowS Source #
(Error e, MonadIO m) => MonadIO (ErrorT e m) # |
Methods liftIO :: IO a -> ErrorT e m a Source #
(Functor m, Monad m, Error e) => Alternative (ErrorT e m) # |
Methods empty :: ErrorT e m a Source # (<|>) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a Source # some :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m [a] Source # many :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m [a] Source #
(Monad m, Error e) => MonadPlus (ErrorT e m) # |
Methods mzero :: ErrorT e m a Source # mplus :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a Source #
(Eq e, Eq1 m, Eq a) => Eq (ErrorT e m a) # |
Methods (==) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> Bool # (/=) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> Bool #
(Ord e, Ord1 m, Ord a) => Ord (ErrorT e m a) # |
Methods compare :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> Ordering # (<) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> Bool # (<=) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> Bool # (>) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> Bool # (>=) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> Bool # max :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a # min :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a #
(Read e, Read1 m, Read a) => Read (ErrorT e m a) # |
Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (ErrorT e m a) Source # readList :: ReadS [ErrorT e m a] Source # readPrec :: ReadPrec (ErrorT e m a) Source # readListPrec :: ReadPrec [ErrorT e m a] Source #
(Show e, Show1 m, Show a) => Show (ErrorT e m a) # |
Methods showsPrec :: Int -> ErrorT e m a -> ShowS Source # show :: ErrorT e m a -> String Source # showList :: [ErrorT e m a] -> ShowS Source #

mapErrorT :: (m (Either e a) -> n (Either e' b)) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e' n b #

Map the unwrapped computation using the given function.

-     runErrorT (mapErrorT f m) = f (runErrorT m)

# Error operations

throwError :: Monad m => e -> ErrorT e m a #

Signal an error value `e`.

-     runErrorT (throwError e) = return (Left e)

-     throwError e >>= m = throwError e

catchError #

Arguments

:: Monad m |
=> ErrorT e m a | the inner computation
-> (e -> ErrorT e m a) | a handler for errors in the inner computation
-> ErrorT e m a |

Handle an error.

-     catchError h (lift m) = lift m

-     catchError h (throwError e) = h e

# Lifting other operations

liftCallCC :: CallCC m (Either e a) (Either e b) -> CallCC (ErrorT e m) a b #

Lift a `callCC` operation to the new monad.

liftListen :: Monad m => Listen w m (Either e a) -> Listen w (ErrorT e m) a #

Lift a `listen` operation to the new monad.

liftPass :: Monad m => Pass w m (Either e a) -> Pass w (ErrorT e m) a #

Lift a `pass` operation to the new monad.

# Examples

Wrapping an IO action that can throw an error `e`:

    type ErrorWithIO e a = ErrorT e IO a
    ==> ErrorT (IO (Either e a))

An IO monad wrapped in `StateT` inside of `ErrorT`:

    type ErrorAndStateWithIO e s a = ErrorT e (StateT s IO) a
    ==> ErrorT (StateT s IO (Either e a))
    ==> ErrorT (StateT (s -> IO (Either e a,s)))

# Orphan instances

Error e => Alternative (Either e) # |
Methods empty :: Either e a Source # (<|>) :: Either e a -> Either e a -> Either e a Source # some :: Either e a -> Either e [a] Source # many :: Either e a -> Either e [a] Source #
Error e => MonadPlus (Either e) # |
Methods mzero :: Either e a Source # mplus :: Either e a -> Either e a -> Either e a Source #